Even if you’re not a pro baller, take precautions to avoid damage while on the court.
You might not think of basketball as a dangerous game, but injuries in the sport are common. The most serious aren’t often from direct contact (although a finger or elbow to the eye can definitely hurt), but rather due to the twisting, turning or fast movements that occur on a hard surface and without protective gear. Injuries that end professional players’ careers usually don’t occur in one devastating moment, but instead slowly are caused by wear-and-tear. Or, they are nagging injuries that remain troublesome as the years pass, leading to eventual early retirement.
Pros aren’t the only ones who are susceptible to such problems. If you like to shoot hoops, read on to find out about common basketball injuries and how to prevent them.
Knee injuries
From torn ACLs to fractured knee caps (ouch!), knee problems are rife among NBA players who had their careers cut short. Rookie of the Year and three-time All Star Brandon Roy had to end his career in 2013 due to degenerative knees even after arthroscopic surgery, as the years of playing ball had worn away his cartilage.
To prevent knee injuries, make sure your leg muscles are strong enough before getting out on the court. Stretching and warming up are key to loosening you up. Knee pads may help avoid injury as well and if you’re prone to knee problems, wear a brace.
Foot injuries
The high-impact aspect of basketball is rough on your feet due to all the jumping and landing. This is especially true for the pros, who are often very tall and therefore have a lot of weight coming down on their feet. The Houston Rockets’ Yao Ming, a 7’6” superstar from China who suffered many fractures of foot bones, developed the bacterial infection osteomyelitis, which sometimes occurs after injury. His career finally ended after a navicular stress fracture, which affects the bone at the top of the foot’s arch.
“With any impact sport, especially basketball, the constant running and jumping put a significant stress on the feet,” says Eric Tan, MD, assistant professor of clinical orthopaedic surgery at the Keck School of Medicine of USC. “Supportive shoes, cross training and a healthy diet are effective ways to limit the risk of injury. If an injury occurs, make sure to take the appropriate time off and are fully recovered before coming back. Rushing back from an injury is a common reason that an acute injury becomes a chronic problem.”
To prevent foot injury, make sure you wear shoes with a lot of shock absorption. A foot injury might not just end your ability to play basketball, but your ability to walk, so if you have pain, stay off the court and see your doctor.
Back injuries
Debilitating back injuries in basketball can result from the twisting motions the game requires, as well as repetitive stress on your spine. Take the Cleveland Cavaliers’ Brad Daugherty, who was forced to retire in 1994 after recurrent back problems including a herniated disk in his spine. NBA great-turned-broadcaster Bill Walton suffered a spinal injury in college that plagued him throughout his short pro career. He finally had surgery on his back after dealing with excruciating pain for decades.
To prevent back injury, know your limits and don’t overdo it, as many back injuries are the result of overuse. Make sure to warm up using dynamic stretching, which uses motion to loosen muscles. If you experience any back pain, don’t try to push through it. Instead, rest, apply ice or heat, and contact your doctor.
Ankle injuries
One twist the wrong way, coming down hard or rolling your foot, and you’re headed for an ankle sprain. After injuring his ankle, Grant Hill, then with the Detroit Pistons, continued to play for the rest of the season even though his ankle turned out to be broken. Eventually Hill had five surgeries to repair it, but his career was cut short due to lingering problems caused by the prolonged injury.
“Even though an ankle sprain is a very common injury to the basketball player, they should not been taken lightly,” states Dr. Tan, who is also a foot and ankle specialist at the USC Department of Orthopaedic Surgery at Keck Medicine of USC. “Neglecting an injury to the ankle increases the risk of sustaining another injury. With subsequent injuries, the ankle may become unstable and require surgical intervention.”
Shoe support is crucial for preventing ankle injuries, so choose well-fitted sneakers with grip to prevent slipping and high-tops for ankle support. You can also tape up your ankle or use a brace. Ankle injuries can lead to more problems in your knee, hip or back as you unevenly distribute your weight, so it’s important to get any problems treated right away.
Leg injuries
Although ankle and knee are the most types of injuries in basketball, damage to the leg bone itself (tibia) occurs as well. Perhaps best known as the man who was drafted ahead of Michael Jordan, Sam Bowie had an early end to his career because of leg problems that began with a stress fracture in college. During his rookie season, he again broke his tibia and had to be carried off the court on a stretcher. Further injuries followed, leading to his early retirement.
Although Bowie’s injury was rare, you may be more likely to experience “shin splints,” which is pain around the tibia caused by repetitive motions or overuse. To prevent them, make sure your shoes are shock-absorbing, and replace them after about 75 hours of use. Also, it may be best to vary the types of exercise you do, switching from high-impact basketball to lower-impact biking or swimming.
By Tina Donvito